PERIODONTOLOGICAL DISEASES
It is a branch of science that deals with diseases that occur in the gums. When teeth are not cleaned properly, food residues that accumulate on and between them produce bacteria. These deposits, which we call bacterial plaque, are the chief culprit of dental caries and gingivitis, and over time, they form tartar as a result of precipitation of saliva.
The first sign of gingivitis is bleeding in the gums. It manifests itself even more with color, deformities and bad breath in the gums. Tooth loss caused by gingivitis is much more than tooth loss caused by caries. First of all, it should be noted that healthy gingiva is light pink in color. It is firmly adhered to the tooth and bone and has a shiny-rough appearance similar to an orange peel. Healthy gums do not bleed.
GINGUAL TREATMENTS
In today's developing dentistry, tooth extraction has decreased to the minimum level. Even teeth with only roots in the mouth can be treated and kept in the mouth. However, wisdom teeth can be extracted if they are not in the occlusion, if they are buried, because they can be a source of infection and their negative effects on other teeth. The extractions other than these teeth are the extractions made in cases where there is inconsistency between the tooth sizes and the jaw arch for orthodontic treatment, the teeth that have suffered great damage and cannot bear the weight prosthetically, other impacted teeth, and the teeth that remain in the mouth by preventing the eruption of permanent teeth despite the passage of time. With root canal treatment and gingival treatments, almost all teeth can be kept in the mouth for life.
CAUSES OF PERIDONTAL DISEASES
Genetic Factors
According to studies, there is a 30% genetic predisposition. If there is a person in the family with a gum problem, routine controls should be done. SMOKING Causes softening of the gums and the development of gum diseases.
Drug Use
Birth control pills, anti-depressants, epilepsy drugs affect your oral health. Therefore, if you are using one of these drugs, please warn your dentist and pay special attention to your oral hygiene.
Hormonal Changes
You should pay extra attention to your oral hygiene during periods of intense hormonal changes such as pregnancy, puberty, menopause, menstruation. Your gums are more sensitive during these periods. The susceptibility to gum disease increases.
Stress
Studies have shown that stress makes it harder for the body to fight infection, including periodontal disease.
Clenching or Grinding Teeth
They cause periodontal tissue destruction by causing a decrease in the force between the tooth and gingiva. One of the reasons for receding gums is clenching teeth. This squeezing must be stopped by attaching a night plate. Malnutrition causes the body's immune system to weaken and, accordingly, makes it difficult to fight infections, including gum infection.
Diabetes
Diabetes patients are in the high risk group for periodontal (gum) infection. Routine gingival checks must be done.
Poorly constructed bridges and embankments
Fillings, crowns and bridges that press on the gums and overflow cause problems in the gums. Treatment of gingival diseases in the early stages is usually scaling and root surface straightening. At these stages, bacterial deposits and tartar are removed from the pockets around the teeth and the root surfaces are smoothed. With these processes, bacteria and toxin substances that cause inflammation are removed from the mouth. These procedures, which are applied in the early stages of gingival diseases, are usually sufficient for satisfactory results. In more advanced cases, surgical intervention may be required. The purpose of surgical intervention; It is to remove the tartar and diseased tissues in the deep pockets in the environment, to flatten the root surfaces for healing and to shape the gums for easy cleaning.
The only way to preserve the positive results obtained with periodontal treatment is to brush the teeth, to use dental floss regularly and to use chemical agents that remove bacterial deposits from the environment. The most important thing is to check the intervals recommended by the tooth extraction.